Realism

Realism was both, an art style in the second half of the 19th century and a means of representation like Naturalism was one, too. Here, we already perceive the problem, since both terms are closely related to each other and therefore, they are difficult to delineate. It is also a fact that realistic tendencies culminate in naturalism. Realistic painting is represented in many eras and styles. So some styles are even named after it: surrealism, social realism, photorealism. Realistic painting means to depict the everyday world as objectively as possible. Nothing is exaggerated or embellished. This is also the tendency of the genre of Realism. It was a counter movement to Idealism and the Academic art. The latter was, in addition to historical painting, considered the highest class of art, and issued a ranking of subjects worthy to be depicted. The label "realism" was coined by the French painter Gustave Courbet, whose work was presented at the World Exhibition in 1855 under the title "Le Réalisme". In addition to being the creator of art representing everyday reality, he was also the author of a social critical manifesto, in which he opposed the "l'art pour l'art" art and academicism. This reflected the ideological stance of that time. Many Realistic artists saw themselves as scouts because the world was a social phenomenon for them. In the 20 century, in the course of the "new realism" (also called "magical realism"), very sociocritical images were created. These underlined the influence of Realism. Besides Gustave Courbet, also painters like F. Millet, H. Daumier and the artists of the Barbizon School can be attributed to this genre.

Emms, John	Elsley, Arthur John	Daubigny, Charles Francois
Homer, Winslow	Courbet, Gustave	Millet, Jean Francois
Jacque, Charles Emile	Noter, David Emile Joseph de	Gilbert, Victor Gabriel
Fattori, Giovanni	Copley, John Singleton	Lenbach, Franz von
Janmot, Anne Francois Louis	Hunt, William Holman	Alma Tadema, Sir Lawrence
Millais, John Everett	Jongkind, Johan Barthold	Knight, Daniel Ridgway
Goya, Francisco Jose de	Fantin Latour, Henri	Corot, Jean Baptiste Camille
Weeks, Edwin Lord	Breton, Jules	Bricher, Alfred Thompson
Dupre, Julien	Kramskoi, Iwan Nikolajewitsch	Leickert, Charles
Leibl, Wilhelm	Baluschek, Hans	Egger Lienz, Albin
Daumier, Honore	Steinlen, Theophile Alexandre	Menzel, Adolf Friedrich Erdmann von
Perow, Wassilij Grigorjewitsch	Schuch, Carl	Serow, Walentin Alexandrowitsch
Stifter, Alabert	Truebner, Heinrich Wilhelm	Waldmueller, Ferdinand Georg
Werner, Anton von

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