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Barbizon school
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The Barbizon School was a group of painters who had met in the French village of Barbizon in the forest of Fontainebleau in the years 1830 to 1860. From there, they made forays into nature, the realistic representation of which they had set as their task. Soon, more famous artists followed the example of Théodore Rousseau, who was the first painter of this genre: J. Dupré, C.-F. Daubigny, J.F. Millet and temporarily C. Corot. These artists were protesting against the predominant neo-classical Academy art, which depicted nature in a heroically idealized way. In addition, the romantic Dutch tradition found opposition in this artist colony. The painters of the Barbizon School tried to follow their English idol John Constable, creating atmospheric and still simple illustrations of the landscape. In this context, Jean-François Millet painted monumental-looking peasants in their arduous work in the field. His pictures were often misinterpreted, as they did not convey any social criticism. Instead, his themes can be interpreted from a biblical point of view. Later they woke up sentimental memories of the physically hard but satisfying, almost meditative work in nature. The artists of the Barbizon School became precursors of Impressionism due to their plein-air studies. Nevertheless, it is also true that they still opposed the industrial development. Their paintings represented a revolution in French landscape painting.
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Barbizon school
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Oil Paintings