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Renaissance
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The Renaissance was the period of art, on which all other subsequent developments were built. It is divided into Early and High Renaissance, and began around 1400 in the Northern Italian cities. The term "renaissance" was coined by the art historian Vasari and means rebirth in French. Also in terms of content, this era is to be understood as a rebirth of the ideals, shapes, languages and ideas of the Greek and Roman antiquity. With the retrospective towards the dark-felt middle ages, the rich Italian middle class, from whom the movement towards this new worldview emanated, saw itself as an innovator of the arts and the culture in general. In dependence on ancient philosophers, science, philosophy and self-representation of the people were based on the ideas of humanism, which in turn fascinated the educated middle class and other artist personalities. Because of the growing self-esteem of these circles, architecture, painting and sculpting got more into the focus of attention. In architecture, competitions were advertised for public buildings: so Brunelleschi designed the dome of the cathedral of Florence and Michelangelo became the architect of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. In painting, the genre of portraiture was created. Looking back at the beginning of the Renaissance, the painter Giotto is often named as the precursor of this era. His frescoes showed the first signs of perspective, architecture and voluminous physicality. The artists of the early Renaissance were Masaccio, Donatello and Brunelleschi, who must be seen as the most important artists of painting, sculpture and architecture. They were followed in the 16th century by the three all-round genies who had knowledge in all the arts and sciences, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Michelangelo, whose artistic achievements are unsurpassed to this day and serve as role models for all the following generations of artists. From 1500, the Renaissance radiated out to all of Europe and motivated many artists to visit Italy, its native country, including the Nuremberg citizen Albrecht Dürer, who revolutionized the art of engraving.
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 Altdorfer, Albrecht |
Leonardo da Vinci |
Michelangelo Buonarroti |
| Tizian |
Bruegel, Pieter |
Raffael |
| Bellini, Giovanni |
Gossaert, Jan |
Cranach, Lucas |
| Angelico, Fra |
Holbein, Hans |
Lotto, Lorenzo |
| Memling, Hans |
Weyden, Rogier van der |
Carpaccio, Vittore |
| Bosch, Hieronymus |
Botticelli, Sandro |
Canaletto |
| Correggio |
Ghirlandaio, Domenico |
Gruenewald, Matthias |
| Greco, El |
Veronese, Paolo |
Duerer, Albrecht |
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Oil Paintings